It's easy to tell gems: in fact the world of precious stones composed of several kinds of gems, with its own characteristics, which can be processed in different ways.
The term includes gems of the particular mineral species, plants and animals, which can be used for the production jewelry, of course una'opportuna after processing. The world of gemstones is vast and varied, and includes several subcategories. First, we can make a division between the first buds of mineral origin, which are the most numerous (among them the aquamarine, amethyst, diamond, jade, ruby, emerald, topaz, sapphire and many more ) and those of vegetable origin (such as amber and jet) or animal (pearls, ivory and coral). There is also a division between the colored gems or not: all the gems are colored, except the diamond. You can finally make a division between and semi-precious stones, although in reality, the preciousness of a stone depends on several factors such as its optical qualities and the type of work.
The buds can be processed in different ways depending on their color characteristics is that of hardness, there are different types of processing. The transparent gem, for example, are more suitable for cutting flat sides, and is particularly appropriate for those opaque cabochon, which is to create curved surfaces, smooth and convex, but there are obviously exceptions. The types of cut are varied, especially with regard to the diamonds: there are brilliant cut (which includes 32 facets on the crown and 24 pavilion), emerald (octagonal step) and so on. The natural stone , and gems in general, can be cut in different shapes: a baguette (rectangular and elongated), to drop, marquise (pointed oval) carré (square), and briolette (pear shaped). You can find gems but also heart-shaped, oval-ball and many more.
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